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What is refactoring?
Refactoring means improving the internal structure of code without changing what it does — the external behavior stays identical.
Think of it like reorganizing your room: the same furniture is there, but now everything is in a better place — easier to find, easier to move around.
Why it matters:
- Code rots over time — bugs, patches, new features make it messy
- Messy code is hard to read, hard to debug, hard to extend
- Refactoring keeps code healthy